What is a single-phase grid-tied inverter?

A single-phase grid-tied inverter converts the direct current energy from photovoltaic panels into 230 V AC synchronized with the grid. It allows real-time self-consumption and, depending on configuration and regulations, to export surplus or activate zero export via meter/CT.

When to choose single-phase

• Homes and small businesses with 230 V supply (one phase).
• Installations from 1 to 10 kW (approximate) with one or several roof orientations.
• Projects without batteries seeking maximum simplicity and efficiency.

Key selection aspects

• Nominal power (kW): match to PV peak power and your consumption/contract.
• MPPT: the number of trackers and their voltage range (Voc/Vmp) must fit the string design.
• Functions: export limitation, monitoring (app), communications (Wi-Fi/LAN/RS485), SPD and disconnection.
• Performance: European/weighted efficiency and behavior at low irradiance.
• IP rating: many models offer IP65 for outdoor use.

General specifications

Design and best practices

• Check the Voc at minimum temperature to avoid exceeding the inverter limit.
• Balance modules per string and by orientation/tilt; use SPD and DC/AC disconnectors.
• Configure zero export if required by the utility or your self-consumption goal.
• Plan the location (shade, ventilation, accessibility) and cable routing.

If your installation is single-phase and you seek simplicity, efficiency, and control of self-consumption, single-phase grid-tied inverters are the ideal option. For 3-phase grids, consider three-phase inverters, and if you want to add storage, review hybrid or battery banks compatible options.